【自製繁中字幕】DD-537_Armament

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翻譯：angelguga(幽影)※20230626

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沙利文（DD-537）的裝備

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大家好，我是沙恩‧史蒂芬生
※Shane Stephenson

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博物館執行官與策展人

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這裡是水牛城海軍公園
※Buffalo Naval Park

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今天的影片

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我要聊遍各式各樣的裝備

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沙利文是弗萊徹級驅逐艦

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所以就從我後面的5吋/38倍徑砲開始吧

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5吋/38倍徑砲

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5吋/38倍徑砲

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沿中心線布局
※center line

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它們原本有5座

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呃，沙利文目前擁有4座

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不過本片稍後再細說此事

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這些5吋/38倍徑砲是兩用砲

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可以攻擊空中目標、

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陸上目標或海上目標

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訓練有素的砲手們

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能讓這砲管每分鐘爆射15-22發

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砲彈可以飛大概10英里

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砲彈自帶近接信管
※proximity fuse (VT)

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所以不需要真的命中

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空中的飛機或其他玩意

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只要探測到周圍有飛機等物體

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就會爆炸

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你就期望彈片打中目標

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所以你觀賞《中途島》這類電影時

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空中朵朵黑雲可能都是

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5吋/38倍徑砲炸出來的彈片

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再來，你想射飛機的話

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這些砲管可以抬高到85度

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幾乎與砲塔完全垂直

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並能打中7-10英里範圍內的任何目標

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那裡大概有7、8、9名砲組人員

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他們會從下方控制室

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提取砲彈與25磅火藥包

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我們看看最上面

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那裡是砲長的位置

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砲長為最後瞭望

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但通常情況是

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砲長向砲組人員發出信號

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他們會統合範圍內敵軍的所有資訊

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然後這些電器設備就會行動

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當然，它們也可以手動

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用於沒電的場合

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但她可是經久耐用的弗萊徹級

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所以跟著美國海軍打過二戰

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好，來關注更多裝備吧！跟我來

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厄利孔20mm高射砲

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下一個要介紹的沙利文裝備是

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我後面的厄利孔

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20mm連裝厄利孔

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這是她服役時的原始配置

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當時有7-10座

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單裝與連裝厄利孔在她身上

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後來戰爭期間當然有變動

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戰後

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沙利文再度服役到1965年

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到了1965年

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原裝的厄利孔都拆光了

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換上改良版

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1943-1959這段期間都用這種

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它們的射速超快

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每分鐘可以爆射約240-300輪

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他們一個彈匣能打60發

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砲手們快速將之插入拔出

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因此砲管很快就會發燙

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這些射程約4800碼

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彈速約2700英尺/秒

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如果你要將碼換算為英里數

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就是約2.5英里

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能以穩定的射速

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痛擊來襲的日本飛機

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二戰期間就這麼幹

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但這些也是最後的防線

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因為它的砲管口徑最小

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迎擊敵機時，你肯定先用

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我講過的5吋/38倍徑砲

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然後你用波佛斯開火

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再來才厄利孔

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這時敵機已經近到不行了

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好，現在我們開始展示

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4座厄利孔

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4座連裝…厄利孔

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你到甲板上就可以看到

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但即使在鴨尾艄

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它也會有大大的砲架與砲盾

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那裡原本會配置3座

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並且那是3座一組

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配置在左舷、右舷

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以及船尾的上層建築

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我們去看看40mm波佛斯機砲吧

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波佛斯40mm機砲

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現在我站在O-1層

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正在看這些超棒的

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雙管40mm波佛斯機砲

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好的，O-1層左舷有1座

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右舷有1座

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我們在煙囪之間

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前煙囪在我前面

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這邊是後煙囪

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好吧，這裡原本也是

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安裝魚雷的重要部位

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沙利文原有2座五連裝魚雷管底座

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稍後我再細說

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但他們拆掉其中1座五連裝魚雷管

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在她的第45次改裝

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並且他們將這座波佛斯機砲

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挪到艦橋下方的O-1層

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就是這裡

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艦橋的操舵室下方區塊

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移到這裡，更靠近中心線

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或本艦中央部

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然後他們將刺猬彈

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裝在波佛斯移走後的位置

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也就是拆掉魚雷管

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挪動波佛斯，再擺上刺猬彈

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哈哈，你可能會十分困惑

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即便知道我是誰、讀過哪些書

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沒關係，我再講一遍

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這是45、這是51、這是59
※第幾次改裝

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因為他們總喜歡重新配置

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最後就是你今天在這裡看到的

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對了，這些波佛斯是連裝型號

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呃，我稍後細說

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這在02層也有1座

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它們射程達11000碼

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換算約6英里
※沙恩先生口誤

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射速很快，約每分鐘160-200發

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這是雙管火力全開的狀態

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總之，它的口徑比20mm大

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但明顯不如5吋砲

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亦不及3吋50倍徑防空砲

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但她可以憑160的射速

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痛擊6英里圈內的目標

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好，若你正在思考防御圈

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5吋砲

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40mm波佛斯機砲

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20mm的

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當然還有火花四濺的3吋50倍徑砲

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你真有個銅牆鐵壁般的防空火網

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來保護你的愛艦

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我想現在是時候

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講那些魚雷了

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跟我來

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Mk-15　21吋(533mm)魚雷

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現在我們站在中心線上

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在前部與…呃…

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前部上層建築與後部上層建築之間

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這裡是後煙囪的後面

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若你看到這環，就這裡

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那是其中1座五連裝魚雷管的遺跡

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好吧，它們是Mk-14與Mk-15底座

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用於發射Mk-15　21吋魚雷

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開發於1935年

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它們拆除的時間不一樣

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前部五連裝魚雷管

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比這座更早被拆掉

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呃，這座五連裝魚雷管

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在前後上層建築之間

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但於1959年遭拆除

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對，所以有些許差異

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在Mk-14與Mk-15底座之間

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它們的防爆盾與

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一些結構不太一樣

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1959年改裝後

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五連裝魚雷管全沒了

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他們這麼做是為了安裝

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這些三連裝短魚雷

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Mk-32　19吋短魚雷

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你看，它就在那

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所以今天你來沙利文的時候

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你會看到這些

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呃…三連裝短魚雷

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於1959年增設

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這些是Mk-32底座

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搭載Mk-44反潛魚雷

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據我所知

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她從未在太平洋使用她的魚雷

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肯定有更大的威脅

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在大西洋，來自德軍潛艦

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也就是U艇的威脅

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總之，他們拆掉2座五連裝魚雷管

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但不是同一時間拆的

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我也講過波佛斯

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他們將波佛斯挪到

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原本前部五連裝魚雷管的位置

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然後你在甲板上看到的圓圈

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屬於1959年被拆的那座

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為了換裝這些

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三連裝Mk-32

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好，我們繼續走

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去別的地方

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聊聊深水炸彈

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與刺猬彈

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刺猬彈
反潛投射器

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你看，我後面是刺猬彈系統

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我相信增設於1959年的改裝

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這是他們的升級版深水炸彈

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Mk-10　7.2吋刺猬彈系統

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而我剛才講的波佛斯

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原本在這裡

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就艦橋下方那座波佛斯

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它被挪到艦體中部

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再換裝這些刺猬彈

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它是個插杆式系統
※Spigot System

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它們會輪流發射

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彈著點呈橢圓

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可覆蓋約140英尺長、

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120英尺寬的橢圓形範圍

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所以刺猬彈的攻擊範圍超過

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傳統從施放軌投射深水炸彈

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我稍後細說

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它們的保護措施為

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架上最高處的刺猬彈

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率先被發射

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較低的就較慢發射

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這樣就讓它們

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在水裡打出很酷的圖案

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我這不是在貶低

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而是看起來真的很有趣

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就這樣嘟嘟嘟嘟地射出去

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00:12:50,200 --> 00:12:52,000
這是探測式（contact）

225
00:12:52,500 --> 00:12:54,400
不同於普通深水炸彈

226
00:12:54,400 --> 00:12:56,100
我稍後細說

227
00:12:56,100 --> 00:12:59,000
它到達設置定深後就爆炸

228
00:12:59,000 --> 00:13:05,400
必須先探測到潛艦或水下物體

229
00:13:05,400 --> 00:13:12,400
才能發射、引爆

230
00:13:14,200 --> 00:13:16,400
好吧，我們又一次來到O-1層

231
00:13:16,400 --> 00:13:17,500
艦橋下方

232
00:13:17,500 --> 00:13:20,200
這座在左舷，還有1座在右舷

233
00:13:20,200 --> 00:13:22,200
過去安裝40mm波佛斯的位置

234
00:13:24,000 --> 00:13:26,200
來，去看點不一樣的

235
00:13:26,200 --> 00:13:28,200
K砲與深水炸彈架

236
00:13:28,500 --> 00:13:32,300
深水炸彈施放軌

237
00:13:32,700 --> 00:13:36,700
現在我站在沙利文的艦艉最後面

238
00:13:36,700 --> 00:13:40,600
眼前是Mk-3施放軌

239
00:13:41,200 --> 00:13:45,200
二戰期間，她搭載2座

240
00:13:45,200 --> 00:13:46,700
正在看的是右舷這1座

241
00:13:46,700 --> 00:13:49,600
原本左舷這裡也有1座

242
00:13:49,600 --> 00:13:52,300
你仍可以在左舷看到些

243
00:13:52,300 --> 00:13:55,600
底座的針腳等物

244
00:13:55,600 --> 00:13:57,500
但在她第59次改裝後

245
00:13:57,500 --> 00:14:00,300
他們僅保留右舷的1座

246
00:14:01,600 --> 00:14:04,600
言歸正傳，這是Mk-3施放軌

247
00:14:04,600 --> 00:14:09,400
可投射Mk-6、Mk-7深水炸彈

248
00:14:10,400 --> 00:14:12,300
內藏啟爆裝置

249
00:14:12,300 --> 00:14:14,300
可設定深度（定深）

250
00:14:14,700 --> 00:14:19,300
深彈到達定深處

251
00:14:19,300 --> 00:14:20,700
就會爆炸

252
00:14:22,200 --> 00:14:23,800
根據實測結果

253
00:14:23,800 --> 00:14:27,000
30英尺範圍內爆炸

254
00:14:27,000 --> 00:14:33,500
會給潛艦造成災難性損毀

255
00:14:33,500 --> 00:14:35,500
所以若能將這些深彈

256
00:14:35,500 --> 00:14:38,200
投射到潛艦周圍30英尺內

257
00:14:38,200 --> 00:14:40,000
就能將之摧毀

258
00:14:41,100 --> 00:14:44,000
當距離拉長到60英尺、90英尺時

259
00:14:44,000 --> 00:14:45,400
你仍會造成一些傷害

260
00:14:45,400 --> 00:14:49,400
但無法確實擊破潛艦的耐壓殼

261
00:14:49,400 --> 00:14:50,800
令對方沉沒

262
00:14:53,500 --> 00:14:55,500
好，我們去看看那些

263
00:14:55,500 --> 00:14:58,100
K砲與深水炸彈

264
00:14:58,100 --> 00:15:00,100
就這麼辦，跟我來

265
00:15:00,400 --> 00:15:04,400
K砲
（深彈投射器）

266
00:15:04,500 --> 00:15:08,100
眼前是深水炸彈的施放軌

267
00:15:08,100 --> 00:15:10,500
位於沙利文艦艉

268
00:15:11,000 --> 00:15:13,300
現在我們眼前是K砲

269
00:15:14,000 --> 00:15:16,900
這是另一種深水炸彈

270
00:15:16,900 --> 00:15:21,700
它能自己取深水炸彈

271
00:15:21,700 --> 00:15:25,800
將之推到舷側投射

272
00:15:26,500 --> 00:15:29,700
而艦艉又有深水炸彈

273
00:15:30,300 --> 00:15:31,700
Mk-6、Mk-7型號

274
00:15:32,000 --> 00:15:35,100
而這枚Mk-7造成淚珠狀

275
00:15:35,100 --> 00:15:39,200
這都是為了反潛作戰

276
00:15:39,700 --> 00:15:41,900
所以你在左舷有3枚

277
00:15:42,800 --> 00:15:44,000
右舷3枚

278
00:15:44,600 --> 00:15:49,300
而O-1層中心線上是

279
00:15:49,300 --> 00:15:51,700
魚雷承載架
※Torpedo Racks

280
00:15:52,900 --> 00:15:56,300
因此要造成淚珠狀

281
00:15:56,300 --> 00:15:58,600
而非規則的桶狀

282
00:15:59,000 --> 00:16:01,400
以便將這淚珠推下去

283
00:16:01,400 --> 00:16:03,600
所以你會有

284
00:16:03,600 --> 00:16:05,600
3枚從這裡投射

285
00:16:05,600 --> 00:16:08,700
2枚被推落、滾下艦艉

286
00:16:09,300 --> 00:16:11,300
3枚從右舷

287
00:16:11,300 --> 00:16:13,900
就能打出漂亮的U形圖案

288
00:16:13,900 --> 00:16:15,900
並保持向前行駛

289
00:16:18,400 --> 00:16:19,900
這些製成淚珠狀

290
00:16:19,900 --> 00:16:22,400
或許僅出於空氣動力學

291
00:16:22,400 --> 00:16:24,400
我確定他們真的投射過

292
00:16:24,400 --> 00:16:26,400
那些…那些…呃

293
00:16:26,400 --> 00:16:29,100
鋼桶深水炸彈

294
00:16:29,100 --> 00:16:31,000
但我們擺在這裡的樣品

295
00:16:31,000 --> 00:16:33,600
更似是淚珠狀深彈

296
00:16:35,100 --> 00:16:38,000
形狀像給飛機空投的炸彈之類

297
00:16:40,000 --> 00:16:43,000
我們再度面對一切威脅

298
00:16:43,000 --> 00:16:45,000
與沙利文一起

299
00:16:45,800 --> 00:16:48,000
不僅二戰期間

300
00:16:48,000 --> 00:16:52,500
還包括戰後，從1943-1965

301
00:16:54,200 --> 00:16:56,500
好，我們再聊一件裝備

302
00:16:56,500 --> 00:16:58,100
3吋50倍徑砲

303
00:16:58,100 --> 00:17:01,200
就這麼辦，跟我來

304
00:17:01,500 --> 00:17:05,400
3吋50倍徑砲

305
00:17:05,500 --> 00:17:09,400
這裡有我要談的最後一件裝備

306
00:17:09,400 --> 00:17:13,000
沙利文的3吋50倍徑砲

307
00:17:13,000 --> 00:17:16,500
我現在站的最佳位置

308
00:17:16,500 --> 00:17:19,200
其實在　小石城（CL-92）
※USS Little Rock

309
00:17:19,200 --> 00:17:21,600
鴨尾艄的視野真的很棒

310
00:17:22,800 --> 00:17:25,800
你看，3吋50倍徑砲在O-2層

311
00:17:26,200 --> 00:17:28,500
這是為了因應二戰形勢

312
00:17:28,500 --> 00:17:31,500
那裡本該是1座40mm波佛斯

313
00:17:32,000 --> 00:17:33,500
但在二戰末期

314
00:17:33,500 --> 00:17:36,600
改裝為3吋50倍徑砲

315
00:17:36,900 --> 00:17:38,900
因為神風特攻隊的威脅

316
00:17:40,100 --> 00:17:42,000
3吋50倍徑砲可以

317
00:17:42,000 --> 00:17:44,000
重點照顧那些神風機

318
00:17:44,000 --> 00:17:45,800
一旦命中神風機

319
00:17:46,300 --> 00:17:47,800
能將機體轟碎

320
00:17:47,800 --> 00:17:49,900
破壞力更勝波佛斯

321
00:17:51,300 --> 00:17:53,800
這是1945年8月

322
00:17:54,300 --> 00:17:57,300
她第45次改裝的一部分

323
00:17:57,300 --> 00:18:00,300
這就是為什麼日本投降時

324
00:18:00,300 --> 00:18:03,600
她在美國而不在太平洋

325
00:18:06,000 --> 00:18:07,600
這裡你還會看到

326
00:18:07,600 --> 00:18:10,600
從我的右肩上望去是

327
00:18:10,600 --> 00:18:12,700
經過改造的射擊指揮儀與

328
00:18:12,700 --> 00:18:14,700
備用彈藥箱
※Ready Service Locker

329
00:18:15,400 --> 00:18:17,800
我之前講過

330
00:18:17,800 --> 00:18:18,800
5吋38倍徑砲

331
00:18:18,800 --> 00:18:20,900
原本沿中心線配置5座

332
00:18:22,200 --> 00:18:23,500
我指的這座被拆掉

333
00:18:23,800 --> 00:18:25,600
以騰出空間

334
00:18:25,600 --> 00:18:27,800
安裝射擊指揮儀

335
00:18:27,800 --> 00:18:29,700
供3吋50倍徑砲使用

336
00:18:29,700 --> 00:18:32,100
還有現成的備用彈藥箱

337
00:18:32,100 --> 00:18:35,500
可存放彈藥

338
00:18:36,200 --> 00:18:38,200
好吧，3吋50倍徑砲

339
00:18:38,400 --> 00:18:40,900
射程約8英里

340
00:18:40,900 --> 00:18:43,100
你可以設定射速

341
00:18:43,700 --> 00:18:46,600
現在你可以真正重拳出擊

342
00:18:46,600 --> 00:18:48,600
運用3吋50倍徑砲彈

343
00:18:48,600 --> 00:18:50,200
痛擊8英里外的目標

344
00:18:52,000 --> 00:18:54,100
來到這裡，你會看到

345
00:18:54,600 --> 00:18:55,600
3吋50倍徑砲

346
00:18:55,600 --> 00:18:57,600
但真正最佳的視角

347
00:18:57,600 --> 00:18:59,600
是從小石城望去

348
00:18:59,600 --> 00:19:02,200
那包含在45年第一次改裝裡面

349
00:19:04,700 --> 00:19:05,800
這也是為什麼

350
00:19:05,800 --> 00:19:09,200
你看到她僅有4座5吋砲

351
00:19:09,900 --> 00:19:11,200
因為他們拆了1座

352
00:19:11,600 --> 00:19:14,000
以安裝這座3吋50倍徑砲

353
00:19:15,700 --> 00:19:17,300
總之，我希望你喜歡這部影片

354
00:19:17,300 --> 00:19:18,700
你會學到許多關於

355
00:19:18,700 --> 00:19:20,400
火力十足的弗萊徹級

356
00:19:20,400 --> 00:19:22,000
可承擔的任務

357
00:19:22,000 --> 00:19:24,600
這是為了反潛

358
00:19:24,600 --> 00:19:27,300
也是為了防空

359
00:19:27,700 --> 00:19:29,300
擊落敵機

360
00:19:29,300 --> 00:19:33,200
砲擊其他噸位相近的艦船

361
00:19:33,200 --> 00:19:37,600
也為了砲轟沿岸、灘頭

362
00:19:38,900 --> 00:19:40,100
所以她們真的能應對

363
00:19:40,100 --> 00:19:42,300
太平洋戰場的所有威脅

364
00:19:42,700 --> 00:19:45,600
憑著甲板上你看到的所有裝備

365
00:19:47,100 --> 00:19:48,600
若你喜歡這部影片

366
00:19:48,600 --> 00:19:50,800
請訂閱並打開小鈴鐺

367
00:19:50,800 --> 00:19:53,900
查看我們在其他社交媒體的頁面

368
00:19:54,500 --> 00:19:57,000
一如既往地感謝各位支持

369
00:19:57,000 --> 00:20:01,100
沙利文與我們所有艦船

370
00:20:01,200 --> 00:20:02,800
這裡是水牛城海軍公園

371
00:20:03,100 --> 00:20:04,600
我們之後見

372
00:20:04,600 --> 00:20:08,800
※謹此銘記沙利文五兄弟、

373
00:20:08,800 --> 00:20:11,300
朱諾（USS Juneau, CL-52）